An indirect reflector is an efficient optical system with an “invisible” light source. It can be positioned at any angle (horizontal, vertical or oblique) and fitted with a conventional printed circuit board. The structure of an indirect reflector depends on how the LEDs are distributed and positioned. A specific part of the reflector is assigned to each LED, and the individual parts of the reflector are alternately spaced. The LEDs illuminate the reflector from the side and the reflector then reflects their light towards the light output at an angle of about 90°.

High-efficiency direct reflectors are the commonest type of optical system. In direct reflectors, the light sources are placed in a visible location – right at the top of the reflector. The system can be positioned at any angle (horizontal, vertical or oblique). The structure of a direct reflector depends on how the LEDs are distributed and positioned. A specific part of the reflector is assigned to each LED. If the printed circuit board is tilted, the positions of the LEDs are alternately spaced, the distances between the LEDs are different, or different reflector shapes are used, the individual parts of the reflector are alternately spaced. The LEDs illuminate the rear of the reflector, which then reflects their light towards the light output.

A double reflector consists of a complex array of reflectors: a large rear reflector to create backlighting over large areas and a central reflector in front of each light source to create high-intensity light. Each light source has two reflectors positioned one behind the other. The rear reflector captures light emitted from the light source to the side and the central front reflector captures the main part of the light emitted by the light source.

Prism light guides are long rod-like light guides made of PMMA or PC with a typical diameter of between 7 and 10 mm. These light guides generate homogeneous linear illumination. Each is fitted with LEDs at one or both ends. Light from the LEDs is combined in the light guide by means of a coupling lens that sends the light onward via total reflection. Part of the light passes along the entire length of the back of the light guide to the point where the prisms are located. These then reflect part of the light from the rod at a 90° angle to its longitudinal axis. This method can be relied on for extremely consistent illumination along the entire rod.

A light curtain is a flat light guide serving as an auxiliary lens, in which one or more corners combine the light from the LEDs. The structured surface of the lens radiates the light outwards. A light curtain may be used as a small lens forming part of a larger unit, or as a large additional lens illuminating large surfaces or parts thereof.

The EdgeLight has clear, distinct features thanks to its light-emitting edges. It is available in varying wall thicknesses, depending what function it has. The light from the LEDs is combined at the opposite edge of the EdgeLight, before passing through the light guide plate by means of total reflection until it is radiated on to the front edge. The additional lens structure on the sides ensures that the depth of the system is visible and thus accentuates the entire component.

A diffusely illuminated fixed element creates a three-dimensional impression and can be used as a versatile design add-on. A volume spotlight with a glowing element guarantees that the illumination of surfaces is highly consistent.